Presentation Layer


This layer will take data and make it uniform. In other words all data becomes same it is no longer in the
format of .jpg or .doc etc (Think encryption)











world wide web

Application Layer


It is there to support Applications works at the back end of applications, It Presents data to Applications.
it will differentiate between .doc and .jpg file and forward to relevant app to handle it. But apps do not
fall under this layer. i.e Http. 

osi model

7 layers DOS*MACHINTOSH

Intermediate Device Vendors

Cisco, JunIPer, D-Link, Etc

Cisco operating system: Internetwork operating system or IOS

JunIPer Operating system: JunIPer operating system or Jun OS

Data Networking
System Admin: Deals with End Devices, hardware / software

Network Admin: Intermediate Devices and Operating System

CCNA CCNP deal with Network Administration

Networks

Perform two tasks

- Interconnects nodes

- Establishes Communication

2 Types of Devices exist within a Network

- End Device

- Intermediate Devices

ye web site urdu main yahan hum ccna ki parhi karin gayi sawal aur jawab ta ky hum ye jan sake ky asal main ccna routing and swtich hai kia.......is ka istsmsl is ka qardar......hum is topic py urdu main bais karin gaye take kisi ko koi problem na hu

ccna router&swich